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VIDEO BROADCAST STANDARDS
Most countries around the World use one of three main television broadcast Standards.
These three main standards are NTSC, PAL and SECAM.
However, each standard is
not compatible with the other. The charts below give a description of each standard
and the
technical variations within each.
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The first
colour TV broadcast system was implemented in the United States in
1953.
This was based on the NTSC (National
Television System
Committee) standard.
NTSC is used by many countries
on the American continent as well as many Asian countries
including
Japan. NTSC runs on 525 lines/frame.
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| SYSTEM
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NTSC M
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| Lines/Field
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525/60
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| Horizantal Frequency
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15.734
kHz
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| Vertical
Frequency
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60
Hz
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| Colour
Subcarrier Frequency
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3.579545
mHz
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| Video
Bandwidth
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4.2
mHz
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| Sound
Carrier
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4.5 mHz
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The PAL (Phase Alternating Line) standard was introduced
in the early 1960's and implemented in most European countries except
for France.
The PAL standard utilises a wider channel
bandwidth than NTSC which allows for better picture quality. PAL
runs on 625 lines/frame.
|
| SYSTEM
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PAL
B,G,H
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PAL
I
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PAL
D
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PAL
N
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PAL
M
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| Line/Field
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625/50
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625/50
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625/50
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625/50
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525/60
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| Horizontal Frequency
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15.625 kHz
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15.625 kHz
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15.625 kHz
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15.625 kHz
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15.750 kHz
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| Vertical Frequency
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50 Hz
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50 Hz
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50 Hz
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50 Hz
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60 Hz
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| Colour Sub Carrier Frequency
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4.433618 MHz
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4.433618 MHz
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4.433618 MHz
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3.582056 MHz
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3.575611 MHz
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| Video Bandwidth
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5.0 MHz
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5.5 MHz
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6.0 MHz
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4.2 MHz
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4.2 MHz
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| Sound Carrier
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5.5 MHz
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6.0 MHz
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6.5 MHz
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4.5 MHz
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4.5 MHz
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| SECAM
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The SECAM
(Sequential Couleur
Avec Memoire or
Sequential Colour with
Memory) standard was
introduced in the early 1960's
and implemented in France. SECAM uses the same bandwidth as
PAL but
transmits the colour information sequentially.
SECAM runs on 625
lines/frame.
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| SYSTEM
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SECAM B,G,H
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SECAM D,K,K1,L
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| Line/Field
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625/50
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625/50
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| Horizontal Frequency
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15.625 kHz
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15.625 kHz
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| Vertical Frequency
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50 Hz
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50 Hz
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| Video Bandwidth
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5.0 MHz
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6.0 MHz
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| Sound Carrier
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5.5 MHz
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6.5 MHz
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